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# 4.1.2.2. Pulmonary microglial morphology {#sec4.1.2.2}

Microglia may have a similar morphology in human and rhesus monkey lungs. Microglia in human lungs have a round, bean-shaped cell body with a cell soma measuring about 12 μm in diameter. The cell body is connected to numerous thin processes. The microglial processes are an average of 20 μm in length and are thicker and more fan-shaped than those in the brains. There are no morphological differences between microglia in the lungs of normal and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) cases. Microglia in the lungs have a ramified phenotype, with their long and branching processes, with a characteristic appearance, which reflects a "ramified-like" morphology ([Fig. 24](#fig24){ref-type="fig"} ). Nevertheless, the cell body and long processes in the brain do not always correlate with the cell body and processes in the lungs. These human and rhesus monkey lungs were fixed in formalin solution and embedded in paraffin wax. Subsequently, we stained the lungs with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Then, immunohistochemistry with anti-Iba-1 antibody was performed. The H&E staining of the lungs was performed to identify the morphological features of the microglia. In the lungs, the microglia have a round-shaped cell body with cell soma measuring about 12 μm in diameter. The microglial cell soma is connected to numerous thin processes. The processes are an average of 20 μm in length and thicker and more fan-shaped than those in the brains ([Fig. 24](#fig24){ref-type="fig"}). Magnification ×400.Figure 24Microglia morphology of normal and IPF lungs. Microglia in the lungs have a ramified morphology with long and branched processes. Microglia in the lungs 0b46394aab